Africa is springing into fertile ground for WiMAX
By Jacqueline Emigh | Published December 2, 2008, 11:02 AM
The WiMAX activities of Sprint and Clearwire in the US might seem skimpy in comparison to what's happening in Africa, where wireless providers are bringing broadband data connectivity and phone services to underserved areas.
With much of the vast African continent still unconnected to the Internet, wireless providers are now trying to fill the gap with dozens of WiMAX deployments. Three mobile operators outlined plans for countries ranging from Morocco to the Congo during a webcast sponsored by Canadian-based analyst firm Maravedis.
As a result of "many underserved rural areas" in Africa, businesses and consumers in Africa face a "high need for broadband connection," said Maravedis CEO Adlane Fellah, during the recent webcast.
Out of a population of 963.85 million, only 52.24 million people in Africa -- or 5.4% -- currently use the Internet, according to the analyst. Just 10.99 million (1.14%) are Internet subscribers, and only 1.99 million (0.20%) are broadband subscribers.
Meanwhile, carriers are beginning to take advantage of WiMAX opportunities in Africa. Fellah showed a chart depicting more than 15 deployments of IEEE 802.16d fixed WiMAX technology in Africa and approximately 10 implementations of 802.16e mobile WiMAX.
Although many services are just getting launched, combined residential and business revenues from WiMAX in Africa have already grown from about $3 million in the first quarter of 2007 to $13.6 million in the third quarter of 2008, Fellah said. Market drivers include a changing regulatory environment, new licenses, cheaper bandwidth, less expensive WiMAX and multi-mode (WiMAX/CDMA/GSM) devices, and government programs such as the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD).
The analyst cited strong opportunities on the business side in vertical markets such as oil and gas, other utilities, health, education, and physical security.
MaXer International plans a "pan-African" WiMAX deployment with services that will include mobile voice. The company has a footprint in 15 countries, said Roger Diogo, MaXer's executive director, also during the webcast.
MaXer's MaXAfrica arm will include MaXA Congo DRC, MaXA Cameroon, MaXA Togo, and other local subsidiaries.
Wana Telecommunications this year undertook a WiMAX trial with Samsung and Motorola in Casablanca and Rabat, Morocco, noted Tark Janti, the company's network director. The trial included backhaul testing with Alcatel, Sagem, and a number of other vendors. Satellite-based VSAT backhaul was tested in rural areas.
Wana will use a single underlying network infrastructure to provide Internet access, voice, and video applications to both businesses and consumers. Next year, Wana expects to introduce fixed WiMAX services for small to medium-sized enterprises, including remote control and tracking and video-based security.
Then, in 2010, Wana will roll out "mobile wireless broadband for everyone," Janti said.
DiscoveryTel Communications, on the other hand, will focus exclusively on businesses, said Kaissar Jabr, DiscoveryTel's president of international operations.
The company's implementations through DiscoveryTelGhana in Ghana, Universal Communications in Guinea, and Apex Communications on the Ivory Coast will start with fixed, nomadic deployments, to be followed by mobility in Phase 2 and voice in Phase 3.
"DiscoveryTelGhana [had] a very bad experience with residential customers [so] it was decided to concentrate solely on corporate customers," according to Jabr.
An existing network in Ghana, running under Spike, was replaced in 2007 by a BreezeMax system from Alvarion running on 802.16d. "Instead of expanding on BreezeMax we are going to build an 802.16e Wave 2 network, most probably based on the Sequans chipset," he said. Design and negotiations are in their final stages, with a launch due in the first quarter of 2009.
However, the three markets DiscoveryTel is targeting in Africa are not the same. "Markets differ, Ghana being sophisticated and seeking quality, Guinea underserved and looking for cheap service, [and the] Ivory Coast awash with offers [with] competition fiercest on both [these] levels," Jabr said.
Jabr also predicted that increased PC penetration in Africa will lead to further growth in WiMAX, especially on the business side.
But he also pointed to some of the challenges facing WiMAX deployments in Africa. "Small and [medium-sized] operators are squeezed between regulators who keep changing their rules, capacity providers who are unreliable and/or expensive, [and] vendors who have a commercial face which is very different from their delivery face," according to the international operations chief.
The current credit crunch "will not appease the [relationship] of the operators with any of those stakeholders," Jabr contended. "Nobody is immune from the credit crunch; it all depends on the magnitude and exposure."
Great-- empower additional Nigerian entrepeneurs to more easily pitch international venture capitalists and angel investors.
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Maybe we can get an African ISP to provide affordable broadband to America's "many underserved rural areas". Sigh..
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...another emotional rant that displays no understanding of why low density regions have not been overdeveloped relative to the demand.
'Gee, why can't everyone have a BMW?' It must be a conspiracy...
WiMax is a disruptive technology relative to legacy landline and cell models, but someone still has to pay for it. A radical concept, but one that is still applicable.
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"high need for broadband connection"
As if the ignored rural areas of America don't have a high need? Meanwhile the nation hemorrhages cash, jobs, and education lags behind other industial nations while American companies chase overseas dollars and refuse to invest in their own country.
It should be a national embarrassment that we still have consumers here that can only connect via dial-up service. Shame on US.
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LOL!
Another 18 year old mentality who has just discovered inequities in the world!
We are hemorrhaging cash are we?
Well, why do you think remote low density sites only have dial up? Because the investment in the necessary infrastructure to pay for the small degree of benefit is PROHIBITIVE! Of course, a genius like you has no problem allocating other's money to pay for that, do you? The problem that results in the out of control spending is there are too many folks like you who all have their own pet issues that are ALL TOO ready and able to push their pet social projects that result in the wacked social spending we already have!
(And yes, under the Republicans, they grew the Federal spending on NON-DEFENSE discretionary spending by a whopping 35.7% under Bush's first term! - while the total Federal spending increased 28.8% The greatest increase the Federal government growth since Johnson's Great Society! And the Democrats' only b!tch was that the spending was not enough!!!!!!)
Oh...
Oh, and education! Yup - so tell me genius - why can an individual who has say multiple advanced degrees in physics and math and years of applied profession experience as well as university teaching experience not teach basic 7th grade science in any state in the US?
Still confused genius?
Why can’t they teach? Because they have degrees in liberal arts rather than from the college of education. And the NEA (the teacher's union) doesn't want those folks waltzing over and taking jobs from the teachers terrified of taking a basic proficiency test in their area of teaching!
But they are ‘welcome’ to go back at the graduate level and take two more years of classes and spend $20-30K while not working in order to teach skills they already possess for $45K a year! Yup, the NEA and the Democrats sure have it figured out! Oh, and it gets better! As teacher credentials are determined at the state level, if you ‘become qualified’ at a university, you can’t travel to another state where the need and jobs are, as you have to repeat the process as your credentials are not necessarily accepted – and even if they are, it is on a provisional basis! As you see, math in one state is different than math in another state! LOL!
The US has experienced a tech massacre in the last few years as engineering skills have become commoditized and they can hire engineers for pennies on the dollar overseas.
And yet, the preamble to the No Child Left Behind bill specifically states that there is a "crisis" (their word!) regarding the lack of qualified science and math teachers. Go online an read it (or get someone to help you with the big words!)...
So let's see - we could take some of the over qualified engineers with say 20 years professional experience who have actually had to produce something - and who are not keen on dragging their families across the country for 6 month contract jobs while living in hotels and their kids changing schools at least once during the school year - and offer them the opportunity to teach science and math in the areas where the shortages exist.
Thus we could solve two "crises" - the over abundance of overly qualified and under/unemployed techies and the shortage of science and math teachers.
But no!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Each state’s teacher's unions, who are SOLIDLY Democratic, have effectively precluded this!
And add to this the FACT that one half of all graduating teachers (you know - the ones who have read a few books but never actually used the functional skills they studied in school) LEAVE the teaching field within the first 3-5 years!
So whine all you like. If DSL is so important to you, either pony up the money to pay for the line extension, or move to where it exists!
Or better yet, why not spend a few more minutes in class actually becoming familiar with the real world issues that come into play, instead of whining your wacko emotional rant expecting OTHERS to solve problems as you sit on your @ss and simply complain about spending being out of control as you make MORE demands like a little bird in the nest screaming “more for me".
Such ignorance regarding what is really at fault and what is really involved to solve problems is the REAL national disgrace - as folks vote for politicians based upon personalities and amprphous slogans instead of fundamental substantive plans. But not to worry - as Obama fills his cabinet with Clinton retreads, Gore's former chief of staff and others who he either labeled as unqualified (Hillary in foreign affairs - remember, she only has experience in having tea with the wives of dignataries!) or those who labeled HIM as unqualified! (Bill Richardson and others!) But not to worry! Obama picked Joe Biden for VP - you know, the same guy - the chair of the a committee Obama was appointed to where Obama - during one of Biden's committee sermons passed his first note to staffers which said "Shoot me! Please Shoot me! NOW!" - just watch the PBS Frontline special on the candidates and laugh your @ss off! "Change" indeed! Backwards with the same people who brought you what we have already seen.
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Foxfyre's rant was just that and largely off base. Rural areas are not prohibitively expensive, just expensive for the return on the investment, no matter how much federal "universal access fees" the telecoms get for actually connecting rural areas.
America is not hemorrhaging cash, we're hemorrhaging debt. US debt has tripled since Bush II took office.
The democrats complaint about spending is that it went for war rather than peace. For the 2 trillion that we've spent in Iraq, we could have rebuilt every road, bridge, hospital and school in America and given the economy the real boost that it needed rather than squandering what little treasure we had from an economy that has been in decline since the Nixonian era when manufacturing migration out of the country started in earnest because American companies don't/couldn't/wouldn't get the whole quality/customer service thing.
No teacher left standing...er...I mean no child left behind is a failure, yet another unfunded federal mandate.
Most states accept the National Teacher's exam as the credential for teaching. Its been like that for a decade. Most teachers can now cross state lines. And yes, most professionals should go back to school and bone up on child development, curriculum development and classroom management. Those skills are needed if one wants to teach. Teaching is not as easy as you make it sound. That person with advanced degrees may be very good at what that person does, but that doesn't qualify them to teach. If teacher pay were higher, there would be a financial incentive for folks to become teachers rather than spending 40K on schooling only to get a teaching job (as a professional with a degree) for less than a waitress makes. Also, your local school district won't hire the person with advanced degrees because a person with advanced degrees gets a higher level of pay than a person without the advanced degrees. Whoever told you that public education could be done cheaply, lied.
The US does not teach math very well. It hasn't since the 60's. Math scores have been declining ever since the introduction of "New Math." Not enough time is spent on the rote learning of things like multiplication tables, etc. They're trying to teach theory and concepts to kids who simply can't understand those principals at an early age. Its a child development thing that teachers learn in college.
Non-Defense spending has increased since the Clinton administration (I agree). However, defense spending has tripled since Bush II has taken office. The US economy cannot sustain the current levels of debt or spending. Reaganomics is a dismal failure and every time it has been tried, it has resulted in unmitigated financial disaster (I refer you to Lessaiz-Faire which proceeded the Great Depression, Savings and Loan de-regulation which brought on a recession, Elimination of the Glass-Stiegel(sp?) act which brought us Enron and other dot bombs), The end of the Reagan era and Bush I who had to raise taxes to get the debt under control. We've gone to war and done it on borrowed money and your kids are going to be the ones left with the bill.
The US cannot sustain $700 billion/year in trade deficits be that for oil, labor or other manufactured goods. You can't have a service/knowledge economy without something for it to service.
If the telecoms want a monopoly, they have to provide service to all areas where they have a monopoly and DSL is dead. Even small rural phone companies are replacing copper with fiber when the copper trunks come up for replacement.
The telecoms (#2 contributor of lobbying money to congress BTW) refusal to offer advanced services to rural areas is a blatant rip-off of the people living in those areas who pay top dollar, more long distance rates, etc for substandard service. There isn't investment in rural areas not because those invenstments won't pay off, but because the payoff takes longer and its not as high. Telecoms wouldn't serve rural areas at all if they weren't mandated to.
Now on to Obama. Obama is not Bill Clinton. As a president, you choose people to carry out policy. Hillary Clinton, while having no formal foreign policy experience is an Ivy League educated lawyer. She spent 8 years around the White House and knows how to navigate there. She's not a bad choice and will carry out policy as assigned and will argue with Obama. Some of the "retreads" as you point out are well qualified and are more conservative than Obama is. I expect there will be lively debates within the White House and what we will get is fairly moderate well though out policy that is created in concert with others rather than unilateral largely uninformed decisions made by an intellectually un-curious person who only wanted to talk to people who agreed with him. The people that Obama has chosen are more conservative than he is. Mr. Obama has already outclassed the current president and he hasn't even taken office, yet. Mr. Obama is showing good leadership skills and I expect people to carry out policy as instructed. Mr. Obama's policies will be much different from Mr. Clinton's. I much prefer a progressive policy rather than a regressive policy the conservatives would have us take. The conservatives would return us to policies of 1906 which didn't work then and certainly won't work now.
Your rant was more emotional and uneducated than the rant you responded to.
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Your post is, in a phrase, BS!
The cost of plant installation, material and maintenance is definitely more costly in remote rural areas than in high density areas!
And the return on investment is what drive companies, you dimwit! They are not charities, despite what the whiny liberals make them out to be when they aren't too busy sitting on the boards of companies like Apple!
And you are clueless about the teacher certification! There is no national universal test for state certification that all states accept! There are Praxis and others, but NO UNIVERSAL certification. And there are limited reciprocal agreements between states that still render you provisional in the 'other' state - giving non provisional certified teachers preference. Oh. You talk out your @ss! All teacher certification is done at the STATE level! It is an overly unionized system of control where doctorates in say chemistry are not considered qualified to teach chemistry relative to 22 year olds who have taken 15 hours in chemistry and who have never actually 'done chemistry'! And no, we are not talking about 2nd graders! We are talking about high school and to a lesser degree, junior high.
And less than what a waitress makes, huh? You are an idiot! The average starting salary being about $42K for 9 months work amortizes to the same rate as one earning $56K for 12 months. Not a bad starting salary.
And even with university teaching experience, plus subject proficiency, you are not considered qualified to teach high school students that are 1-2 years younger, but which currently enter college unable to construct sentences, let alone paragraphs!
And nitwit, NewMath was declared a failure and dumped 30 years ago! And New Math was a brainstorm of exactly those same geniuses who determine the child development and teaching methods!
Your sense of history is a flight of imagination!
Recall if you will, in your selective memory, how the Republicans came within 1 vote of passing the Balanced Budget Amendment in the Senate. And guess who got to cast the deciding vote? Guess... And better yet, recall how he cast it and why he did so!
Gore voted AGAINST the balance budget amendment specifically because it did NOT make allowances for deficit spending in time of war.!!!!!!!!!!!
So, if you idiots indeed walked your talk, guess what? You would not have wartime deficit spending! But you got exactly wht you wanted! Enjoy!
And don't confuse you with your budget fantasies: the figures I cited were from the GAO! And your liberal friends only objection to all of the increased social spending by Bush and the Republican Congress was that it was NOT ENOUGH! NOT that it was too much! There social plans were not expansive as the Dems wanted! But oh, we aren't supposed to recall that as you b!tch about spending!
The irony was that I WAS complaining about what occurred during Bush's first term where the idiots forgot fiscal responsibility and despite low inflartion, federal spending incrreased by a massive 28.8% - with NON-DEFENSE DISCRETIONARY SOCIAL spending growth of 35.7% - producing the largest deficit in history AND the highest rate of government growth since Johnson's Great Society!
"America is not hemorrhaging cash, we're hemorrhaging debt." I love it when folks like you make such a spurious distinction! How do you think the deficit is created? By extending credit or by printing money we don't have. In effect, we figuratively provide various parties with 'cash' - credit.
But so much for history and new math, as you suck at both.
And 'Reaganomics', of which Reagan was not the author, had nothing to do with the regulation of the adequate capitalization of securities!
He lowered tax rates which stimulated the economy! Just as Kennedy proposed to do! And such action DOES stimulate the re-investment of capital by those who can just as easily shelter it off shore tax free!
And its cute how you misstate the source of the financial crisis as other than giving interest only loans to those who could not afford the balloon payment adjustment as lenders did not require borrowers to be able to verify abilities to pay, meanwhile as investors bought properties driving up the prices, until the balloon payments arrived, defaults began, artificially high housing prices declined and all scrambled to get out! And meanwhile the banks had all invested heavily in 'safe, secure' credit swap certificates based upon under capitalized 'assets'.
And ironically, none of rht Democrats opposed this either.
And tell us about Hillary - the "Ivy League educated lawyer". As a staff member on the prosecutorial staff during Watergate, she made the argument that the President should Not be allowed legal counsel by virtue that he was the President! Now that is quite an amazing argument is the US! One wonders where she sourced that bit of legal idiocy!
And Obama was the one who dismissed here ability to handle foreign affairs! Not the conservatives! Obama! Note the irony????
And the disclosure of Bill's financial dealings should prove fascinating. No conflict of interest there. Just as the LA Times refuses to produce the Khalidi video of Obama sharing in the anti-Semitic rancor of their little party!
Ironically, the policies of Hayek, Friedman, and other that have led to a radical defeat of the Marxist and Keynesian economic models, and yet its cute to listen to you misrepresent them as Reaganomics, and to associate irresponsible fundamental banking practices to the US, despite the fact that Europe was a HUGE player in the game - much to their surprise as their institutions so highly invested in amorphous credit swap certificates suddenly began to go belly up! Oh!
But it is always amazing to listen to someone as erudite as yourself claims that services should be considered independent of costs, and that costs should be ignored, and that return on investment is superfluous as you do with remote online access. But then you still live in the world of the college of education's 'innovative' NewMath program they introduced that was abandoned MANY years ago as a failure! And yet still, little Sally and Johnny can neither count nor read - which explains much of this forum's POV.
And ironically, it was the Republicans abandonment of conservative economic policies as they became liberal lights, that took us in the direction of increased social spending, and away from the cutting of perpetual federal price supports and never ending entitlements and corporate welfare - in exactly the direction that your liberal buddies in Congress have whined that we have spent too little!
Yup, we need more growth in government. And we need more taxation, And we need more 'progressive' (I love how progressive becomes a euphemism for liberal) spending policies.
Unfortunately, BOTH parties have failed to reflect the fiscal discipline needed to effectively run the country, and blaming excessive spending on idiots who forgot was fiscal responsibility means in terms of the limited growth of government, does not justify the rationale of the liberals whose mantra was and is that we were not spending enough!
No go back and find out where one can simply go to any state and teach if they are certified in another! ...And one exceptional reciprocal agreement does not the norm make! Nu even with your limited New Math skills, you shouldn't be too handicapped, as you won't need more than your fingers to count them!
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I know all about return on investment (and name calling gives me some insight into your largely un-informed opinion.) I ran an ISP for sometime and the went to work for a CLEC that had operations in Canada. Canada has a fraction of the population of the US and manages to have broadband in areas that are much more rural than the US. The US provides universal access fees and tax breaks to companies who invest in telecom infrastructure in rural areas, but companies still don't build out there. Wireless is a great way to ameliorate rural build out costs and increase ROI.
Hillary is brilliant woman. You might be, too, but I don't see it. We're all allowed to make mistakes under the pressure and glare of TV lights.
You've been listening to Rush Limbaugh too much. I know that most states have reciprocal agreements (I was an education minor) that have them accepting each other's teacher certifications. Maine uses the National Teacher Exam for its certification. Its certification is reciprocal anywhere in the Northeast as far south as Maryland. Check out http://www.ets.org/portal/site/ets for more information on exams and http://www.nasdtec.org/agreement.tpl for more information on reciprocity. You'll find your teaching credentials will be accepted by most states. After all, we want local control of our schools. If we want that, then all the states are going to have different requirements for teachers. For that we will much different levels qualifications, some better than others. Whatever level that is, you still must be certified to teach. Suck it up. Get the certification. If you plan to move to another state, see if they'll take your credentials. Chances are, they will. The second website has the reciprocal agreements for all 50 states and the territories.
In your state starting pay might be 42K, but here in Maine its 35K while a living wage was computed at 45K. 35K is considered poverty wages for a family. That teacher works around 40 weeks per year. I know waitresses that make better money than that working fewer hours. Heaven help you if your a teacher in Texas or Mississippi. I don't know where you live, but where I live $56K per year is not a high salary. Hell, I went to college with a guy who bartended 3 nights per week and he made better money then, that I do now.
My girlfriend is a masters educated teacher who is at school from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm every day, then comes home and grades papers for another couple of hours every night. She spends a few hours on the weekends also doing school work. Frequently she's in her classroom on weekends. In addition, she has collateral duties on various committees around the school. She must also take courses every year in order to maintain her certification and license. She teaches in New York. Maine requires criminal background screenings. She probably works more than you do and she's responsible for your children for more than 6 hours per day. I would say that when summer comes around and she spends a couple of weeks in summer courses, that she needs a break.
Most people with PhD's in chemistry probably couldn't teach chemistry to high schoolers. Teaching is a skill in and of itself. I know a chemistry teacher. She works very hard, is certified and worked on Lithium Ion battery research before she went into teaching. The two skills are very different. BTW, she also spends several hours correcting/reading papers every night until very late. Her days are 13 and 14 hours long, too. Where I live, if you want to teach science, you must get a science related degree (Engineering, Math, Chemistry, Physics, etc.) and then get your teaching credentials in addition to that (another year of college after the 4 you've taken majoring in science and minoring in education.).
Your comment about teaching high schoolers who can't read is way off base. Most high schoolers that are going to college have the necessary skills. Your comment about the low skilled students that have been advanced to graduation is a problem, but that is one of local school policy, not education in general or certifications.
Your comment about "New Math" is not even correct. I was in school 30 years ago and was taught it. Its used today and called something else. Whatever they call it today has everything to do about teaching algebraic principles to primary schoolers. Its not working. There you go doing the name calling again.
I was a history major. I have a pretty good vision of History. Can you imagine what the tax rates in the country would be like if we went to War with a balanced budget amendment? That would have crushed the US economy 5 years ago rather than this year. Under a balanced budget amendment, the US could not afford the military it runs, nor would it have been able to go to war. We simply can't afford it. The current giveaway to Wall St. wouldn't be possible either. The very large financial institutions would have collapsed by now and we'd all be out of work. We would be looking at 25% unemployment _again_. A balanced budget amendment probably would not have been ratified even if it did pass. It lost by one vote in the senate and that could be anyone's vote, not just Al Gore's. I don't remember whether Olympia Snowe (R Maine) or Susan Collins (R Maine) voted for it or not.
The democrats left the republicans with a budget surplus in 2001. The debt has now been tripled in the last 8 years. That doesn't seem like responsible spending to me.
The "conservatives" want to cut unfunded mandates from the budget. What that means is that they want to do away with the laws that provide for federal funding of special education. The law calls for that to be funded by the federal government at 40%. The feds currently are paying about 6%. That law was passed on a Republican watch, BTW. The spending problems you site were rejected, for other reasons such as earmarks and other things not related to the social spending and the Republican wants for "market" based answers. Well, we can all see how the markets do when they're un-regulated. Unregulated markets will leave out whole segments of the neediest people.
The Republican plan was to put money in at the top. Give money to the wealthy and it will trickle down. Well, no economy anywhere has ever been built from the top down. They are built from the bottom up. If you're building a house, would you start with the roof? No, you start with the foundation. Put money in at the bottom where people will spend it. It bubbles up to the wealthy and we make more wealthy people along the way.
The defense spending numbers you cite are not correct. When, Mr. Clinton left office, the US defense budget was about 350B per year. Now its 750B per year plus the 250B per year that we spend in Iraq. That's a 300% increase in defense spending. There are medical costs that go with that to take care of the 35,000 or so wounded veterans that are going to need up to 60 years of medical care because they are now disabled and the government needs to pick up the tab for that.
Most of the discretionary spending you cite is health care related costs (Medicare/Medicaid). There is much profit being made by the health care industry (especially pharmaceuticals) that is being made from the sickness and misery of others. It is immoral and indefensible. The number one contributor of lobbying money to congress is the health care industry and of that the largest component comes from pharmaceutical companies. I certainly don't agree with Obama's health care plan. I didn't agree with John McCain's either. I don't like the idea of health insurance from companies that are more interested in profits than health care.
We are hemorrhaging debt. At some point we have to pay the piper and our kids are left holding the bill. We have this problem because of trade imbalances caused mostly by oil imports, but also, now manufacturing imports. Your Dell computer may have been assembled in USA, but every component in it was made overseas. Even auto manufacturers and defense contractors are buying parts from China. That's a national security issue. Worse is that we're now exporting our ability to manufacture. So if we're spending $700B more than we're making, we're going broke and then we have to borrow. That's not sustainable. Much of that debt is held by China and they're not exactly our friends.
You are correct about capitalization of securities and that Reagan was not the architect of that. That came after but the principal of money injected at the top and trickling down and let the markets resolve the inequities is a Reagan idea that has been shown as a dismal failure. Regan did propose elimination of the rules that kept banks from selling securities. Corporations want inequity. That's how monopolies/oligarchies are built.
Yes Reagan did cut taxes which put his budget out of balance by 300B. His budgets were always out of balance and debt tripled under his watch, too. Mr Bush II had to raise taxes to compensate. And yes, Reagan got his ideas from the economists you cite, but unregulated markets don't work. They never have. Every time we try it results in disaster.
I won't get into the whole sub-prime mess. That's what happens when you have unregulated markets. The Great Depression also started out as a mortgage crisis with under capitalized securities and people borrowing money against real assets to invest in a stock market that was in a bubble. Those mortgages and loans were also to people who could not afford the debt either. I did not mis-state the financial melt-down. Europe's involvement was because the Americans sold it to them. People thought "Mortgage Backed" securities would be a safe investment. They were wrong. The banks hid the fact that the mortgages were bad and then wrote worthless insurance policies to back them up: Credit Default Swaps. Again, it comes down to banks selling securities and unregulated mortgage lending. So we have uncapitalized securities. Then we have the too big to fail thing. Keynes is probably spinning in his grave.
Bush II did the tax cuts and it hasn't helped. The economy has had net losses in all categories since Mr. Bush II took office.
I never claimed that services should be independent of costs. That also goes for War. You're putting words in my mouth. I believe in pay as you go. I don't even have a credit card, nor do I want one. I don't even like the idea of taking out a loan for a car.
The corporate welfare you speak about is not from the democrats, but the republicans who think that pharmaceutical companies need tax breaks to do research that the government is largely paying for in the first place, or that the oil companies need tax breaks to drill. Thats all part of the cost of doing business and the pharmaceutical companies are feeding you a line of crap when they tell they need the money for research. Their profit numbers are reported after research costs. Otherwise it wouldn't be profit would it? We can also point to companies that get tax breaks and are not taxed for overseas investments which is a huge incentive to outsource jobs overseas. We give billions to AIG while we have children starving in rural America. We give billions to Citigroup, while there are many, many homeless and starving people on the streets of our cities. I don't see any of that corporate welfare putting people to work. AT&T announced 12,000 layoffs today.
And yes, we do need liberal/progressive policies because the conservative/regressive policies have been tried in the past and they haven't worked. (The definition of insanity is to continue doing the same thing expecting a different result. --Einstein) We've been there. We've done that. Corporations will not take care of the poor, they will employ slaves and children if they can. Its amazing that 150 years after the abolition of slavery, American industry is still about slavery. Corporations will not work for the common good, only their own enlightened self interest (remember your economics 101 course?).
I'm not saying the government should get larger (you put words in my mouth), only that it look out for the rest of us: to protect us from the corporations. Just look at what industry does when its unregulated. All you have to do is to look at the poisoned pet foods or toys coated with lead based paint coming into the country from overseas. I can't believe anyone is still making lead based paint anywhere in the world given that we know its dangerous to everyone involved in the production and use of it. Unregulated businesses will still produce the stuff no matter how dangerous it is.
We could cut some military spending like aircraft that cost almost as much as an aircraft carrier, wastful spending on contractors rather than employing people directly. The job of government has to be done. We could do it with civil servants which cost less than contractors or we can use contractors that are in it for profit, not the common good. Its time we worked for the common good, not the corporate good. We could eliminate the department of homeland security. A very simple solution to stop 9/11 would have been for the customs service to have the FBI terrorist watch list.
Sure we could go back to 1906 when children were dying of TB in textile mills and we had people in poor houses or locked people up for inability to pay a debt (that's really productive...remove a person's source of income and hope they can pay the debt.) or homes for wayward girls (read single mothers.) elderly dying on the streets, etc.
I refer you back to the 5th chapter of Mark to see where I'm coming from.
He who does not learn from history is doomed to repeat it and we have.
I'll take my history degree (with an education minor) and go back to work, now.
And because you can't make arguments without stooping to insults. We're done. Until you went there, this was fun.
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